Solid wood and engineered hardwood
A solid wood board is wood through its thickness. Engineered hardwood has a real wood surface supported by a layered construction. Neither label alone proves that a floor can be sanded again. The remaining sandable wood, fasteners, prior work, and product instructions need assessment.
Species and character
Oak, maple, walnut, cherry, and hickory are common hardwood directions with different grain and color. Douglas fir is a softwood that is also used for wood floors. A photo does not reliably identify an installed species, and staining cannot turn one species into another. Ask for an assessment before choosing a matching repair.
Prefinished, site-finished, and patterned floors
Factory-finished and site-finished describe how the coating is applied. Straight plank, parquet, and herringbone describe a layout. Changing an existing layout normally involves installation work. Laminate and luxury vinyl are different surfaces; wood-look appearance does not make them sandable hardwood.